Review of breeding and screening of barley germplasms for scald diseases resistance: past experiences in Ethiopia
Keywords:
Rhynchosporium secalis, barley, breedingAbstract
Scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) disease is of the most destructive pathogens of barley worldwide. It is caused by the haploid imperfect fungi (ascomycete) Rhynchosporium secalis. The disease is most severe in the highlands (above 2000 m) of Ethiopia, where precipitation is high and temperature is low during the cropping season. Yield losses due to scald vary between 21-67% and reduced grain quality depending on season and cultivar. Screening and selection of barley genotypes for resistance to disease is currently hamperd by dearth of knowledge on variability of pathogen in the world as well as in Ethiopia. The impact of scald can be minimized through increasing host resistance which is by far the most important defense mechanism that can be used to control diseases in crops.
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