Evaluation of some agricultural bye-product as floaters in fish feed formulation
Keywords:
beans pod, maize cob and groundnut shell as floaters, aquatic organismAbstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the floatation ability of agricultural bye-products (beans pod, maize cob and groundnut shell as floaters) and to further evaluate their proximate composition and effects on growth and haematological indices of Clarias garipinus. The experiment was conducted at the fisheries and Hydrobiology Research Unit of Department of Animal and Environmental Biology of Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero. All analysis was carried out according to standard method. Sixty (60) juveniles Clarias garipinus were distributed in to four bowls with 15 juveniles in each bowl. A basal diet of 35% crude protein was prepared 1kg each of basal diet was mixed with 0.0%, 5%, 10% and 15% g/kg of beans pod, maize cob and groundnut shell respectively, (Representing D1, D2, D3 and D4 groups). the results of proximate composition of feed with 10% of beans pod of protein shows the highest parameter ranging from (33.37 + 0.50 to 34.60 + 0.10) followed by Carbohydrate (25.34+ 0.01 to 28.74 + 0.50), Lipid (17.10 + 0.10 to 18.20 + 0.50) while the least (11.30±0.22) was in the control of the proximate. The highest percentage lipid content of mean Value of 18.20±0.50% was observed in feed with 5% additives of beans pods while least (17.10±0.01) was in the feed with 10% additives of beans pods. Results on the buoyancy test shows that feed with 15% beans pod had higher floatation of (2288secs) while the least (244secs) was in control. Growth parameters of Clarias garipinus fed with agricultural bye-product show that the highest Mean weight gain of (19.81±0.20) was observed in feed with 15% groundnut shell, while the least (18.21+ 0.10) was on feed with 15% beans pod. The highest percentage means weight gain of (139.44+3.07) while the least (110.59+3.01). The highest specific growth rate (1.95±0.10). While the least (1.52+0.10) was on feed with 15% groundnut shell. The highest feed conversion ratio (2.71+0.18) was obtained in the feed with 15% beans pods while the least (2.12+0.03) was on feed with 15% maize cob. The white blood cells, red blood cells, Haematologobin content and packed cell volume were significantly high (25.24±0.01) 0×109/L, 4.71±0.02×109/L, 7.81±0.01±1.100G/dl and 21.51±0.01% respectively) The water parameter were within the acceptable rage for culture. This study revealed that agricultural by-product can be used to enhance the growth of Clarias garipinus, with little or no adverse effects on haematological indices and proximate composition.
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