Assessment of the susceptibility of different cereal grains to Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Katsina state, Nigeria
Keywords:
Adult emergence, Cereal grains, Sitophilus zeamais, Resistance, SusceptibilityAbstract
Investigations were carried out to assess the susceptibility of local varieties of some selected local varieties of cereal crops namely maize, rice and sorghum to the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. Five pairs of unsexed adults of the weevils were introduced into rearing bottles containing 100 g of each type of clean and disinfested grains in Postgraduate Laboratory of the Department of Biology of Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina (UMYUK) at 27±2oC and 65±5% (RH). The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) and replicated five times. Adult emergence, mean developmental periods, grain weight loss, index of susceptibility of the weevils and concentration of body protein of S. zeamais were investigated. Highest number (194.60 ± 1.21) of emerged adults of the weevils was recorded in sorghum, while the least (88.80 ± 1.75) was in rice. The longest developmental period (27.51 ± 1.21 days) of the weevil was in sorghum, while the shortest (25.63 ± 1.36 days) in maize. Grain weight loss due to infestation of S. zeamais ranged from 5.42 ± 2.32% in rice to 7.48 ± 3.12% in sorghum. The index of susceptibility showed that both maize and sorghum were susceptible, while rice was moderately resistant to S zeamais. Farmers are advised not to store sorghum and maize for a relatively long period of time over rice variety in a mix storage system.
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