Paul, N. 2025. The ant, Crematogaster Lund, 1831 (Hymenoptera- Formicidae) engages in a mutualistic symbiosis with the mealybug, Phenacoccus madeirensis Green, 1923 (Hemiptera-Pseudococcidae) on ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Journal of Applied Entomologist. 5, 4 (Oct. 2025), 05–10.